Indvodza leyephula libhange

Bekangubani

Charles Deville Wells (1841–1922) bekangunjiniyela futsi angumkhohlisi lophindzaphindzako lobekacoca imali kubatjalimali ngetintfo letasungulwa lebetingekho. NgaKholwane 1891 wefika e-Monte Carlo ane-£4,000 yaleyo mali. Etinsukwini letisihlanu waphula libhange, wacedza imali lelondvoloziwe yelitafula, tikhatsi letinyenti, futsi wahamba ane-£40,000 ngekwendzaba yakhe, tigidzi letinyenti temaphawundi namuhla.

I-roulette yaseMonte Carlo

Lakwenta ngempela

Watsi abenaluhlelo lolungeke lwehluleke futsi akazange asho kutsi beluyini. Bofakazi abazange babone sakhiwo lesisobala ekudlaleni kwakhe, futsi ayikho indzaba letsembekile leyisho indlela; i-MartingalelisuMartingaleKwenyuswa kwelinani lokuphindza kubheja kabili ngemuva kwekulahlekelwa ngakunye. Buka sigaba semasu kute ubone kutsi kwentani nekutsi akwenti ini.Fundza konkhe → levame kuhlanganiswa neligama lakhe kucagela nje. Akusho lutfo: lonkhe luhlelo kulithebula lekubhejatinsitaLithebula lekubhejaLithebula lekubheja leliphrintiwe etafuleni. Lamanye emagama: litafula, i-felt, indvwangu.Fundza konkhe → linelinani linye lelilindzelekiletibaloLinani lelilindzelekileUmphumela wesilinganiso ngekubheja ngakunye ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lesidze. −1/37 yelinani lelibhejiwe kuko konkhe kubheja lokujwayelekile kwaseYurophu.Fundza konkhe →, ngako noma ngabe wentani, umphumela bewuluchungechunge lolude lwenhlanhla. LitfubatibaloLitfubaLitfuba lekutsi umphumela wenteke, kusukela ku-0 kuya ku-1 noma ku-0% kuya ku-100%. Inombolo yinye: 1/37 = 2.70%.Fundza konkhe → leluchungechunge lwenhlanhla lolude njengalolwakhe lincane kunobe ngumuphi umdlali munye, kodvwa likhulu etinkhulungwaneni tebantfu letendlula elikhasino esizinini. Kukhona bekatawuba nguWells. Kwaba nguWells.

Ingoma

Ingoma yaFred Gilbert letsi “The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo” (1892), leyaculwa nguCharles Coborn, yadvuma kakhulu kuma-music hall aseLondon futsi yewela eMelika. Umlandzisi wayo uhamba ngekutigabatisa emgwacweni lomkhulu anesimo sekutimela, futsi inkhulumo letsi “kwephula libhange” ichaza kuwina lokumangalisako kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi. Ingoma ayikukhulumi kuvakasha kwesibili.

Kuvakasha kwesibili nangemuva kwaloko

Wells wabuya ngaleyo nkwindla wawina futsi, wase ulahlekelwa yincenye yemali ekuvakasheni ebusika be-1891–92. Wasebentisa imali lenyenti esikebheni senjabulo, i-Palais Royale, ngemali yebatjalimali; asizange sifike e-Monte Carlo. Ekupheleni kwa-1892 emaphoyisa aseFulansi ambamba eLe Havre, futsi ngaNdlovulenkhulu 1893 inkantolo yaseLondon yamgweba iminyaka lelisiphohlongo yemsebenti lomatima ejele ngenca yekukhohlisa. Wakhululwa nga-1899, watfola leminye iminyaka lemitsatfu nga-1906 ngenca yalokunye kukhohlisa, futsi cishe nga-1911 waphatsa libhange lemanga eParis lebelitsembisa 1% ngelilanga, lokwamfaka ejele laseFulansi. Wafela eLondon nga-1922. Likhasino, lelakhokha i-£40,000 nga-1891 latfola lokwengetulu kwaloko ekukhangiseni, latuza kakhulu ngaye.

Kungani lendzaba ibalulekile

Sibonelo lesicace kakhulu seluhlelo “lolusebentako” bese lungasasebenti. Luhlelo alukenti lutfo kuto tombili letikhatsi; inhlanhla yeta yahamba, njengoba emakhasi ekugucugucukatibaloKugucugucukaSilinganiso sekutsi imiphumela isabalele kangakanani etungeleta linani lelilindzelekile. Kukhulu ku-straight up, kuncane ekubhejeni lokulingana nemali.Fundza konkhe → asho kutsi kufanele. Likhasino lalahlekelwa liviki linye lazuza inganekwane. Lonkhe luhlelo loluthengiswe kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi lune-Wells ebufakazini balo, futsi ngamunye walabo unekuvakasha kwesibili lobufakazi lobungakukhulumi.

Imibuto