Joseph Jagger: Lisu le-roulette eMonte Carlo

Loko emarekhodi lakukhombisako

Joseph Hobson Jagger watalwa mhla wa-2 Inyoni 1830 eShelf, emkhatsini waseBradford naseHalifax. Watsatsa Matilda Townend aneminyaka lengemashumi lamabili futsi baba nebantfwana labane. Wasebenta ekuhwebeni ngetindvwangu imphilo yakhe yonkhe: njengesisebenti senkhumbi, njengemlingani emsebentini lobewulungisa umucu we-warp, njengemcedzi wetindvwangu eManchester. Kubalwa kwebantfu kwanga-1861 kumbita ngekutsi ngumenteli wekotini netindvwangu kantsi incwadzi yakhe yelifa yanga-1881 imbita ngekutsi ngumkhicitisi. Kute lincwadzi lelimbita ngekutsi ngunjiniyela. Lelo gama, kanye nelitsi “mechanic”, kuvela etincwadzini letikhuluma nge-Monte Carlo.

NgeMabasa 1860 libhizinisi lakhe laseManchester lawa, futsi i-London Gazette yambala emkhatsini webantfu labanetikweletu labangakhoni kukhokha lebebatawulalelwa e-Lancaster Castle. Umntfwana wakhe lomncane bekaneminyaka lemibili. Umbhali wemlandvo wakhe Anne Fletcher, lohlobene naye ngemndeni (umshana wakhe wesitukulwane sesitsatfu ngemuva) futsi lingcweti yemlandvo welifa, watfola leto timemetelo futsi watfola umndeni usakhokha tikweletu ngemuva kweminyaka lelishumi nesihlanu. Akazange atfole kushona kwemali nga-1880 noma nga-1881, nanoma emaphephandzaba lamanyenti sekakubeke lapho.

Indzaba njengoba yacala kushicilelwa

Umbiko wekucala yi-Monte Carlo Anecdotes and Systems of Play yaVictor Bethell (1901). Bethell umbita ngekutsi “Jaggers”, umuntfu waseYorkshire futsi ngumakhenikha ngemsebenti, futsi akaliniki ligama lekucala noma umnyaka. Ngekuxoxa kwakhe Jaggers wacasha tisebenti letisitfupha, watihlalisa ematafuleni lahlukene kute tibhale yonkhe inombolo lilanga lonkhe, futsi ngemuva kwenyanga wase atfole butsakatsaka kulo lonkhe lisondvo. Yena nemadvodza akhe bawina £120,000. Likhasino lacala kutfutsa emasondvo kusuka kulitafula linye kuya kulelinye ebusuku ngabunye, futsi Jaggers bekawehlukanisa ngetimphawu letincane, kuklwebheka noma lichashatana kupende. Walahlekelwa ngu-£40,000 wekuwina futsi wahamba ane-£80,000, lokutsi ngemafrank langu-25 lilinganiswa nelipondo ngaleso sikhatsi kutigidzi letimbili temafrank. Lusuku lolulodvwa lwaBethell kutsi konkhe loku kwenteka “eminyakeni lengetulu kwemashumi lamabili leyendlulile”.

Bethell bekabhala ngemuva kweminyaka lengemashumi lamabili sehlakalo futsi akabiti fakazi. Fletcher wacwaninga emaphephandzabeni asekhaya, avelonkhe nawemave angaphandle futsi akazange atfole umbiko ngalokuwina, futsi ngesikhatsi babe wakhe abhalela likhasino watjelwa kutsi emaphepha alo alesikhatsi bekabhujiswe.

Indzaba yakhula njani

Umbhali ngamunye wakamuva wengeta lokutsite, futsi lokwengetiwe ngiko bantfu labanyenti labakwatiko.

Bekakhona nini lapho

Fletcher ubeka kuvakasha kwekucala nga-1880 noma nga-1881 ngekwebufakazi lobune. Jagger akekho emndenini wakhe ekubalweni kwebantfu kwaMabasa 1881, lapho umkakhe abhalwe njengenhloko yawo. Lincwadzi lemhlaba laNgci 1881 limbala ku-6 Greaves Street, eBradford, indlu layitsenga ngalowo mnyaka, futsi ngeImphala wenta incwadzi yelifa yemuntfu lonemcebo. Bufakazi besine yintfo yinye leyasala, sikhiya sesikhumbuto lesisebhokisini lesasiphiwo, lesigcinwe emndenini. Lokubhalwe kuso, lokuvela “kubangani nalabamhlonipha”, kukhuluma ngemphumelelo yakhe ku-roulette imelene nelibhange e-Monte Carlo “leyatsatsa sikhatsi seminyaka lemine”, futsi kunelusuku lwa-1 Inkhwekhweti 1884.

Fletcher ukufundza loku njengekuhlala lokunyenti emkhatsini wa-1880 na-1884, hhayi lisontfo linye. Kutsi wabuka sikhatsi lesingakanani, nekutsi wadlala sikhatsi lesingakanani, akubhalwanga kunoma ngukuphi.

Ngubani lowahamba naye

Tisebenti letisitfupha taBethell atisekelwa ngalutfo, futsi Fletcher uphawula kutsi likamelo belinematafula e-roulette lamane noma lasihlanu kuphela ngaleso sikhatsi. Lelinye lisiko lemndeni, lelabhalwa phansi ngumngani lowake wabona tincwadzi letase tabhujiswa, litsi indvodzana yakhe lendzala Alfred yahamba naye. Fletcher wengeta umshana, Oates Jagger, umshayeli wesitimela, ngenca yemcebo wakhe wakamuva longachazwanga; loko kucabanga kwakhe. Lelinye ligatja lemndeni belihlala litsi wahamba nemphatsi wakhe wesisebenti. Imali yeluhambo yabolekwa ebuhlotjeni, lomunye wabo, umzala, abitwa njengalowabuyiselwa imali.

Loko likhasino lelakwenta

Nalapha Bethell ngumtfombo wekucala. Utsi likhasino lacala ngekushintjashintja emasondvo kusuka kulitafula linye kuya kulelinye onkhe emabusuku, futsi nakwehluleka loko latfumela indvodza kunkampani yaseParis leyabe iwakha. Inkampani yakha emasondvo lamasha lanetehlukaniso letinyakatako, kuze umgodzitinsitaUmgodziLesinye setikhala letingu-37 letinetinombolo ku-rotor. Kuphindze kutsiwe: slot, cup.Fundza konkhe → lobewumi malungana nelicandzalisondvoLicandzaUmgodzi munye loluhlata longambonjwa kubheja lokulingana nemali, kwelidazini noma kwelikholamu; umtfombo wenzuzo yelikhasino. Kuphindze kutsiwe: licandza linye, 0.Fundza konkhe → ngalelinye lilanga ume kulenye indzawo ngelilandzelako. Polovtsoff, lowabe ahola i-International Sporting Club e-Monte Carlo ngema-1930, usho lokufanako: emasondvo lamasha lanetingcenye letishintjanako, letixutjwa onkhe emalanga. Emasondvo lamadzala ashintjwa, akalungiswanga.

Kuhlolwa ekuseni kwalo lonkhe lisondvo nge-spirit level kufakazelwa kahle. Adolphe Smith wakubona cishe nga-1912, futsi Polovtsoff ukuchaza nga-1937. Kute namunye wabo lotsi kwacala ngaJagger, futsi kute lincwadzi lelikhasino lelichumanisa nanoma ngusiphi salesinyatselo naye.

Casino de Monte-CarloKukala lisondvo ngekwesakhiwo

Kuchema kufanele kube kukhulu kangakanani

Lisu le-roulette laJoseph Jagger, njengoba indzaba ilixoxa, bekukubheja etinombolweni lisondvo letitsandzako, futsi loko kukhokha kuphela nase kwendlula umkhawulo lotsite. I-straight upkubhejaI-straight upInombolo yinye, kukhokha 35:1.Fundza konkhe → ikhokha 35 ku-1, ngako-ke inombolo kufanele iwine kanyenti kunekanye ekujikeleteni lokungu-36 ngaphambi kwekutsi kubheja kuyo kutfole lokutsite. Kulisondvo lelingachemile lelinelicandza linye iwina kanye ku-37.

Asitsi tisebenti tabhala lisondvo linye inyanga yonkhe ngekujikeleta lokungu-500 ngelilanga: kujikeleta lokungu-15,000. Inombolo lengachemile beyitawuphuma cishe kangu-405, kwengeta noma kususa 20. Inombolo leyaphuma kangu-465 beyitawuba ngetulu ngalokutsatfu kwaloko “kwengeta noma kususa”, intfo inhlanhla yodvwa lecishe ingakaze iyente. Inombolo lenjalo iwina cishe kanye ekujikeleteni lokungu-32, futsi kubheja kuyo kutfola 11.6%: emathokheniimaliLithokheniLuphawu lolumele linani lelingagucuki, lolubekwa kulithebula lekubheja kute ubheje. Lelinye ligama: check.Fundza konkhe → langu-36 abuyiselwa kuwo onkhe langu-32.3 labhejiwe. Inyanga yekubala ngekubeketela yenele kutfola liphutsa lalobukhulu, kodvwa ayenele kutfola lelincane kakhulu. Kujikeleta lokungu-500 ngelilanga kucabanga nje kute kubalwe; kute umuntfu lowabhala kutsi lawo matafula bekasheshe kangakanani.

Bukhulu besampulaKubheja kwe-straight up ku-roulette

Ngemuva kwaloko

Jagger akazange atsenge indlu lenkhulu yetinkhulungwane. Nga-1881 watsenga 6 Greaves Street eLittle Horton, eBradford, futsi eminyakeni lelishumi lelandzela, ngekubala kwaFletcher, tindlu letilandzelanako letingemashumi lamatsatfu nakubili lokungenani eduze, letacashiswa noma lebetihlala tihlobo. Ukholwa kutsi wanika cishe ingcenye yesitsatfu yemali emadvodzeni lamabili labahamba naye. Kute luphawu lwekutsi wake wakwenta kwatiwa kuwina. Wafela ku-25 Greaves Street mhla wa-25 Mabasa 1892, aneminyaka lengu-61; sitifiketi sekufa sibeka sifo sashukela. Ungcwatjwe e-Bethel Chapel eShelf, eduze kwalapho atalelwa khona. Linani lelihlantekile lelifa lakhe belingu-£1,710.

Ingoma

“The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo” yacala kuculwa nga-1892, umnyaka Jagger afa ngawo, futsi umndeni wakhe kwasikhatsi lesidze bewukholwa kutsi beyimayelana naye. Beyingasiyo. Fred Gilbert wayibhala ngemuva kweluchungechunge lwaCharles Wells lwanga-1891, lolwagcwalisa emaphephandzaba (buka i-The Man Who Broke the Bank). Charles Kingston wakusho lokufanako nga-1925: ludvumo lwaya kumkhohlisi lowefika ngemuva kwemuntfu waseYorkshire.

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